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Token Forces: How Tiny Troop Deployments Became Ubiquitous in UN Peacekeeping
Paperback / softback
Main Details
Title |
Token Forces: How Tiny Troop Deployments Became Ubiquitous in UN Peacekeeping
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Authors and Contributors |
By (author) Katharina P. Coleman
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By (author) Xiaojun Li
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Series | Elements in International Relations |
Physical Properties |
Format:Paperback / softback |
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ISBN/Barcode |
9781009048835
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Classifications | Dewey:341.584 |
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Audience | |
Illustrations |
Worked examples or Exercises
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Publishing Details |
Publisher |
Cambridge University Press
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Imprint |
Cambridge University Press
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Publication Date |
22 December 2022 |
Publication Country |
United Kingdom
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Description
Token forces - tiny national troop contributions in much larger coalitions - have become ubiquitous in UN peacekeeping. This Element examines how and why this contribution type has become the most common form of participation in UN peace operations despite its limited relevance for missions' operational success. It conceptualizes token forces as a path-dependent unintended consequence of the norm of multilateralism in international uses of military force. The norm extends states' participation options by giving coalition builders an incentive to accept token forces; UN-specific types of token forces emerged as states learned about this option and secretariat officials adapted to state demand for it. The Element documents the growing incidence of token forces in UN peacekeeping, identifies the factors disposing states to contribute token forces, and discusses how UN officials channel token participation. The Element contributes to the literatures on UN peacekeeping, military coalitions, and the impacts of norms in international organizations.
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