Theophanic "Type-Scenes" in the Pentateuch

Description

An examination of the presence of theophanic scenes in the final form of the Pentateuch, which argues that rather than there being a single, over-arching theophanic "type-scene" there are multiple such scenes which reflect the individual theological tendencies of the biblical books within which they appear. The Genesis type-scene revolves around YHWH's promises in crisis situations (i.e., YHWH only appears when there is a crisis or threat to the Abrahamic promise). The Exodus type-scene typically includes the appearance of YHWH's dangerous fiery presence (Kabod Adonai), a communal setting, and divine action constituting or preserving Israel as a people in preparation for the Abrahamic inheritance. In Leviticus the theophanies augment the Exodus type-scene with a liturgical setting where a specific priestly action brings forth a theophanic response. DeLapp then shows how Numbers recontextualizes each of the preceding type-scenes as it retells the exodus narrative post-Sinai. When read synchronically the three type-scenes build on each other and follow the developing narrative logic of Israel's larger story. Deuteronomy then re-reads the Exodus type-scene (and indirectly the Genesis type-scene) to ensure that later readers read the theophanies appropriately (i.e., YHWH only appeared as "formless" and shrouded in "fire").

Nevada Levi DeLapp is currently Pastor of Calvin Christian Reformed Church in LeMars, Iowa, USA.

Anyone interested in appearances of the divine or the arc of the theological narrative in the Pentateuch will find DeLapp's work of value. * Religious Studies Review *