Cheating Cell: How Evolution Helps Us Understand and Treat Cancer

Description

A fundamental and groundbreaking reassessment of how we view and manage cancer When we think of the forces driving cancer, we don't necessarily think of evolution. But evolution and cancer are closely linked, for the historical processes that created life also created cancer. The Cheating Cell delves into this extraordinary relationship, and shows that by understanding cancer's evolutionary origins, researchers can come up with more effective, revolutionary treatments. Athena Aktipis goes back billions of years to explore when unicellular forms became multicellular organisms. Within these bodies of cooperating cells, cheating ones arose, overusing resources and replicating out of control, giving rise to cancer. Aktipis illustrates how evolution has paved the way for cancer's ubiquity, and why it will exist as long as multicellular life does. Even so, she argues, this doesn't mean we should give up on treating cancer'in fact evolutionary approaches offer new and promising options for the disease's treatment and prevention that aim at long-term management rather than simply eradication. Looking across species'from sponges and cacti to dogs and elephants'we are discovering new mechanisms of tumor suppression and the many ways that multicellular life-forms have evolved to keep cancer under control. By accepting that cancer is a part of our biological past, present, and future'and that we cannot win a war against evolution'treatments can become smarter, more strategic, and more humane. Unifying the latest research from biology, ecology, medicine, and social science, The Cheating Cell challenges us to rethink cancer's fundamental nature and our relationship to it.

Athena Aktipis is an assistant professor in the Department of Psychology and the Arizona Cancer Evolution Center at Arizona State University and cofounder of the International Society for Evolution, Ecology and Cancer. She lives in Tempe, Arizona. Twitter @AthenaAktipis

"The Cheating Cell is a fascinating book on a subject that's gaining the prominence it deserves: cancer as an evolutionary phenomenon. Athena Aktipis works in the heart of this field and she deftly illuminates the subject for both scientists and general readers. The implications - for cancer treatment and for the understanding of our existence as multicellular creatures - are huge. - David Quammen, author of The Tangled Tree ""The Cheating Cell is an instant classic - a book that will transform how physicians and their patients understand cancer, how investigators develop therapies, and how we as a society can work together to reduce the global burden of this disease. Masterful, powerful, and absolutely essential reading for anyone who truly wants to understand the nature of cancer, The Cheating Cell is a tour de force."" - Barbara Natterson-Horowitz, MD, coauthor of Zoobiquity ""This wise, erudite, and engaging book will change how we think about cancer and life itself. Brilliantly illuminating how cancer is a form of evolution gone awry within our bodies, Athena Aktipis shows that we need an evolutionary approach to not only fighting the disease but also living with it."" - Daniel E. Lieberman, author of The Story of the Human Body ""This insightful and long-overdue book views cancer as a disease that results from the evolutionary and ecological dynamics of all multicellular organisms, from birth to death. Athena Aktipis does a masterful job of capturing the many threads of evolution and evolutionary theory that promise to enable a fundamental understanding of cancer and portend a new era of innovative prevention and treatment strategies."" - Anna D. Barker, Arizona State University and former deputy director of the National Cancer Institute ""Cancer is more than a source of dread and tragedy - it is entwined with the nature of life and the forces that shaped it. Athena Aktipis has thought deeply about evolution and cancer, and provides an engaging and insightful explanation of why we are cursed with this malady."" - Steven Pinker, author of Enlightenment Now ""Trying to keep cheating cells at bay is a problem that connects humans, elephants, Tasmanian devils, and cacti alike. In The Cheating Cell, Athena Aktipis uses clear explanations and riveting examples to show how viewing cancer through an ecological and evolutionary lens allows us to better understand the disease, and can lead to more effective ways of lengthening lifespans in our ongoing battle with this most ancient of foes."" - Kelly Weinersmith, coauthor of Soonish ""The one book to read for a true understanding of cancer and its control."" - David Sloan Wilson, author of This View of Life"